Modern Treaties Timelines

Modern Treaties: Comprehensive Land Claim Settlements or Self-Government Agreements

Date	Agreement	Indigenous Group
1977	James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement	James Bay Cree
1978	Northeastern Québec Agreement	Inuit
1984	Inuvialuit Final Agreement	Western Arctic Inuit: Northwest Territories
1986	Sechelt Indian Band Self Government Agreement
1992	Gwich’in Agreement	Northwestern portion of the Northwest Territories and 1,554 km² of land in the Yukon
1993	Nunavut Land Claims Agreement	Inuit of the eastern Arctic
1993 – 2008	Council for Yukon Indians Umbrella Final Agreement (1993) 11 Yukon First Nation final agreements	Based on the Carcross/Tagish First Nation (2006); Champagne and Aishihik First Nations 1(995); Dawson First Nation; Kluane First Nation (2004); Kwanlin Dun First Nation (2005; Liard First Nation; Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation (1997); First Nation of Nacho Nyak Dun 1995; Ross River Dena Council; Selkirk First Nation (1997); Teslin Tlingit Council (1995); Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation (1995 ;or White River First Nation.
1994	Sahtu Dene and Métis Agreement	Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories Aug. 28, 2018 – Parties initial Self-Government Agreement-in-Principle. As stipulated in the 1993 Sahtu Dene and Metis Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement, self-government agreements have been or are currently being negotiated with each of the five Indigenous communities in the Sahtu Region, including the Sahtu Dene and Metis of Norman Wells. Negotiations towards a Final Agreement are commencing. Feb. 21, 2019 – signing the Self-government Agreement-in-Principle for the Sahtu Dene and Métis of Norman Wells represents a significant step in the journey towards fulfilling the obligation to negotiate self-government in the 1993 Land Claim Agreement. More importantly, this Agreement-in-Principle represents a key milestone in the journey towards self-government and self-determination for the Sahtu Dene and Metis of Norman Wells. The Agreement-in-Principle considers how to implement the inherent right for the Sahtu Dene and Métis of Norman Wells in a community where they comprise a smaller proportion of the overall population. This Agreement-in-Principle is flexible and forward-looking, in that it allows for changes in the governance model, as the population demographics change in the future.
2000	Nisga’a Final Agreement	Nass Valley, northern British Columbia
2005	Tlicho Land Claims Agreement	North Slave region, Northwest Territories
2005	Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement	Labrador and Newfoundland
2005	Westbank First Nation Self-Government Agreement	B.C.
2008	Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement	Quebec
2009	Tsawwassen First Nation Final Agreement	BC Lower Mainland
2011	Maa-nulth First Nations Final Agreement	Vancouver Island
2012	Eeyou Marine Region Land Claims Agreement	Quebec
2014	Sioux Valley Dakota Nation Self-Government Agreement	Manitoba
2018	Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw Agreement-in-Principle	Cariboo region of BC: Four First Nations: Stswecem’c-Xgat’tem; T’exelc; Tsq’escen’ Xat’sūll
2019	Ditidaht and Pacheedaht First Nations	Signed an Agreement in Principle (AIP) for a treaty with the Government of Canada and the Government of British Columbia. These elements include ownership and cooperative management of land and resources, self-government and jurisdiction over a range of subject matters, harvesting rights, cultural and heritage protection, economic development opportunities and capital transfer. Subject to further negotiations, treaty settlements with Ditidaht and Pacheedaht First Nations will include lands from the Pacific Rim National Park Reserve in the West Coast Trail and Nitinaht Lake area and adjacent to the Pacheedaht community. The treaties will also support arrangements to preserve and enhance the West Coast Trail hiking experience and facilitate cooperative management within the Pacific Rim National Park Reserve.
2019	Anishinabek Nation, Ontario	Anishinabek Nation Governance Agreement. When ratified, the Government of Canada will recognize Anishinabek law-making powers and authority over how their First Nations are governed. Four parts of the Indian Act that deal with governance will no longer apply to the Anishinabek First Nations who ratify the proposed Agreement. The First Nations will make their own decisions about leadership selection, citizenship, government operations, as well as how best to protect and promote Anishinaabe language and culture.